Today, many devices use USB 3.0 and 3.1 revisions for improved performance and speed.Įach USB port version is backward compatible and forward compatible, meaning it can support any version below or above its current number. USB 3.1 can transfer rates of up to 10 Gbps, putting it in line with the first generation of Apple's Thunderbolt channel. USB 3.1, also known as SuperSpeed+, was made available as of July 31, 2013, and is the latest version of the USB protocol.
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The first certified devices included motherboards from ASUS and Gigabyte Technology. Dell began including USB 3.0 ports in their Inspiron and Dell XPS series of computers in April 2011. Following the release of USB 3.1, it's officially renamed "USB 3.1 Gen1" for marketing purposes. USB 3.0 supports transfer rates up to 5.0 gigabits per second (Gbps) or 640 megabytes per second (MBps).
It provides two unidirectional data paths for receiving and sending data at the same time. USB 3.0 improved the USB 2.0 technology with speed and performance increases, improved power management, and increased bandwidth capability. USB 3.0, also known as SuperSpeed USB, was first made available in November 2009 by Buffalo Technology, but the first certified devices weren't available until January 2010. Hi-Speed USB can support a transfer rate of up to 480 megabits per second (Mbps) or 60 megabytes per second (MBps). USB 2.0, also known as hi-speed USB, was developed by Compaq, Hewlett Packard, Intel, Lucent, Microsoft, NEC, and Phillips and was introduced in 2001. The picture shows an example of a USB cable connected to the USB port. USB 1.x is an external bus standard that supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps and can support up to 127 peripheral devices. For this reason, some manufacturers have remove both standard USB and HDMI ports in favor of USB-C ports, as seen on the MacBook series of laptops. In addition to charging batteries and transferring data, USB-C cables can display video. Unlike other forms of USB connections, USB-C cables are reversible, meaning they plug in correctly regardless of whether or not they are "upside down." The USB Type-C cable is featured on most modern-day Android smartphones, flagship laptops, and other USB-connected devices. While many companies are upgrading to USB type-C connectors (next section), Micro-USB is still commonly used with electronic devices.
Micro-USB cables are often used to connect computer peripherals, video game controllers, and for charging smartphones. The two varieties of Micro-USB are Micro-A and Micro-B, both featuring a connector size of 6.85 x 1.8 mm, although Micro-A connectors feature a larger maximum overmold size. Micro-USB, announced in 2007, was designed to replace Mini-USB. Mini-USB has largely been replaced by Micro-USB and USB-C cables on newer devices. Mini-USB, also known as mini-B, is used with digital cameras and computer peripherals. Further information on each type is provided below. Most of the USB connectors, including the standard USB, Mini-USB, and Micro-USB, have two or more variations of connectors. USB connectors come in different shapes and sizes. The list below contains a few of the most common. Today, many different USB devices connect to your computer. Smartphone - Like tablets, the USB port on smartphones is used for both charging and data transfer in the form of USB-C or Micro-USB.
Some tablets have additional ports USB ports. Tablet computer - The USB connection on a tablet is located in the charging port and is usually Micro-USB and sometimes USB-C.
Laptop computer - A laptop computer has between one and four ports on the laptop's left, right, or both sides. Below is a list of the typical locations where you can find them.ĭesktop computer - A desktop computer usually has two to four ports in the front and two to eight ports in the back. This industry-standard was then quickly adopted by Intel, Compaq, Microsoft, and other companies.Īll modern computers have at least one USB port. The first commercial release of the Universal Serial Bus (version 1.0) was in January 1996. USB may also send power to certain devices, such as powering smartphones and tablets and charging their batteries. For more information on these devices, see our USB devices section. USB-connected devices cover a broad range anything from keyboards and mice to music players and flash drives. Short for universal serial bus, USB (pronounced yoo-es-bee) is a plug and play interface that allows a computer to communicate with peripheral and other devices.
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